@inproceedings{oai:kokubunken.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002885,
 author = {木村, 尚志 and KIMURA, Takashi},
 book = {国際日本文学研究集会会議録, PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON JAPANESE LITERATURE},
 issue = {33},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {pdf, At the end of the Heian period, Syukkai Ka (a poem of reminicence) came to be made in the public. How did it emerge and how was it received by the public? In regard to this question, there are already some studies on it, but I would like to consider it from a different point of view: first-person narrative and compared point of view.
It was a taboo to make a Syukkai Ka in Utaawase (a contest in two teams) for official ceremonies where personal emotions and situations were not suitable to be expressed. However, Syukkai Ka had started to be received publicly from the beginning of twelve century to the early middle ages. Contents expressed in Syukkai Ka which had developed and changed during this period were divided broadly into two categories: invoking divine protection and praying peace and prosperity during the reign, and to sorrow over degradation and aging. For what they had in common was, whatever they invoked or sorrowed over that they evoked empathy of other people by expressing earnest thought of oneself. Therefore, with the aim of awakening empathy of others, the poem was suitable to be expressed by the first person, because by doing so, the content was converged on a poet, in other words, it naturally came down to be emotionally expressed. 
In this way, it can be said that ‘mi (the literal meaning is ‘body’)’ of the poet was like a performer, because he/ she also needed to be a being living in a social context of religions and politics. For this particular reason, Syukkai Ka was successfully received and enjoyed by the public. That is, ‘mi’ in Syukkai Ka, always expressed and engaged in two opposite aspects: personal emotions and public enjoyment.
Integration of these two opposite aspects into a poem became possible mainly due to a compared point of view such as to liken personal emotions and situations to something or to connect them to something by cause and effect; the viewpoint can fit personal emotions and situations into collaborative poems. As this integration was preferred to be used in the Waka by Minamoto no Toshiyori and Fujiwara no Syunzei, it also seems that Syukkai Ka opened up doors to the Waka in the middle ages.},
 pages = {97--107},
 publisher = {国文学研究資料館},
 title = {研究発表　述懐歌の人称と視点},
 year = {2010},
 yomi = {キムラ, タカシ}
}